a novel model for power consumption of base station sites in mobile telecommunications /
Mostafa Mohamed Ahmed Ibrahim Hegazy
- 2020
- 84 p. ill. 21 cm.
Supervisor: Mohamed Awny - Mohamed Ezzat
Thesis (M.A.)—Nile University, Egypt, 2020 .
"Includes bibliographical references"
Contents: CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER TWO: ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS AND EXPERIMENTATION METHODOLOGY............................................................ 9 2.1 Overview of the Indoor Base Stations Energy Consumption ........................... 9 2.2 Main Factors Affecting Energy Consumption ................................................ 10 2.3 Design of Experiment & Taguchi Methods ..................................................... 14 2.4 Insights & Issues............................................................................................... 16 2.4.1 Mobile operators challenge .......................................................................... 18 CHAPTER THREE : PROBLEM STATEMENT AND OBJECTIVES ........................ 19 3.1 Problem Statement ........................................................................................... 19 3.2 Research Work Objectives ............................................................................... 20 3.3 The significance of the research work ............................................................. 20 CHAPTER FOUR: RESEARCH METHOD .................................................................. 21 vii 4.1 Experiment stages ............................................................................................. 21 4.1.1 Stage 1: Selection of factors and/or interactions to be evaluated ............... 21 4.1.2 Stage 2: Assign levels’ settings for each factor ........................................... 22 4.1.3 Stage 3: Selection of the appropriate Orthogonal Array (OA) ................... 23 4.1.4 Stage 4: Assignment of factors and interactions to columns ...................... 24 4.1.5 Stage 5: Conducting the tests ....................................................................... 25 4.1.6 Stage 6: Analysis steps ................................................................................. 25 4.1.7 Stage 7: Confirmation experiment ............................................................... 26 4.2 Trial BSs: .......................................................................................................... 26 4.2.1 First BS setup for trials one & two: ............................................................. 26 4.2.2 Second BS setup for trials three & four: ...................................................... 28 4.2.3 Third BS setup for trials five & six: ............................................................ 29 4.2.4 Fourth BS setup for trials seven & eight: .................................................... 30 4.3 Measurements & data collection:..................................................................... 32 CHAPTER FIVE: RESULTS & ANALYSIS ................................................................. 33 5.1 Summary of studied factors and interactions .................................................. 33 5.2 Data preparation ............................................................................................... 33 5.3 Observed effects of changing each factor ........................................................ 34 5.3.1 Effect of changing air conditioning setting (Change factor “AC”) ............ 34 5.3.2 Effect of changing number of telecom cards (Change factor “TBS”) ........ 36 5.3.3 Effect of changing number Transmission cards (Change factor “MW”) ... 38 viii 5.4 Trials Results and Analysis .............................................................................. 39 5.5 Model -I ............................................................................................................ 40 5.6 Model -II ........................................................................................................... 44 5.7 Model -III.......................................................................................................... 46 5.8 Model -IV ......................................................................................................... 50 5.9 Model -V ........................................................................................................... 53 5.10 Comparison among adequate models .............................................................. 55 5.11 Testing selected model (Confirmation Experiments) ...................................... 56 5.12 General discussion of the results ...................................................................... 60 CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION .................................................................................... 61 6.1 Summary of work done .................................................................................... 61 6.2 Model usage ...................................................................................................... 62 6.3 Application of the model .................................................................................. 62 6.4 Limitations ........................................................................................................ 63 6.5 Future research work ........................................................................................ 64 6.5.1 Enhancing the proposed model & its usage ................................................ 64 6.5.2 Generating a new model for outdoor base stations ..................................... 65 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................
Abstract: Reducing energy consumption is a global concern for all industries. Even though, modern communications systems facilitate human interactions compared to previous ages, Telecommunications and Information Technology have become among the fast-growing industries with rapid demand for more energy. Specifically, the wide adoption of wireless mobile communications applications has resulted in installing massive numbers of local Base Stations (BS) to serve the rapid demand for wider mobile coverage and the growing need for more systems capacity & speed. These Base Stations are responsible for the major part of energy needs of the mobile wireless systems. Understanding & modeling the main factors affecting energy consumption within the Base Stations is definitely an essential step to be able to optimize their energy consumption. This study is providing a novel approach to identify and model the main factors affecting energy consumption within a specific type of these Base Stations (Indoor Base Stations). This approach depends mainly on special experimentation techniques called Taguchi techniques. Telecommunication studies are rarely using Taguchi experimentation techniques. The beauty of these techniques is that they are allowing to catch easily the significance of the main control factors with little but specific experiments. The use of the term “significant factors” is important in order to focus only on important factors and to neglect less important ones. And hence, a simplified model could be generated using regression techniques. Statistical methods and tools were used to decide on significant and non-significant factors. Multiple models were examined. Practical and adequate one was chosen to be verified against actual measurements. Minitab 18 software package was used to perform needed statistical analysis. Finally, this research work provides a useful model that presents a simple and practical tool for design & planning of energy needs. This model also gives decision-makers a quick estimation for bulk energy requirements. Moreover, software tools can be easily developed to simulate this model due to its simple inputs and linear calculations which ease the programming requirements to a great extent.