TY  - BOOK
AU  - Amr El-Banna
TI  - Anti-Fingerprinting Technique: NONYM!ZER 
U1  - 658 
PY  - 2018///
KW  - Information Security
KW  - NULIB
KW  - Dissertation, Academic
N1  - Thesis (M.A.)—Nile University, Egypt, 2018; "Includes bibliographical references"; Contents:
Abstract.......................................................................................................................XII
How Web Tracking has started?.....................................................................................1
Web Tracking Dynamics................................................................................................4
Techniques & Methods:.............................................................................................6
1. TCP/IP stack......................................................................................................7
2. User-Agent........................................................................................................8
3. FlashPlayer........................................................................................................8
4. ServerLight.....................................................................................................10
5. WebGL............................................................................................................10
6. JavaApplet.......................................................................................................11
7. Canvas.............................................................................................................13
8. Fonts................................................................................................................14
9. Cascade Style Sheet - CSS..............................................................................14
10. Social Media Login.......................................................................................15
11. geoLocation API...........................................................................................16
Countermeasures and preventive actions.....................................................................17
1. Less verbosity of User-Agent String and Plugins................................................17
2. Canvas blocker.....................................................................................................17
3. Flash Blocker.......................................................................................................17
4. Applications in the middle...................................................................................17
5. Social Media Protection.......................................................................................18
6. Do Not Track – DNT Header...............................................................................18
7. Universal Fonts list usage....................................................................................18
NONYM!ZER – Anti-Fingerprinting Tool..................................................................21
Anoymize UA String...............................................................................................22
Anoymize Canvas....................................................................................................25
How does Canvas fingerprinting happen?..........................................................25
Experiment...................................................................................................................29
Test Environment Preparations................................................................................29
Detailed steps on how to setup each environment:.............................................31
Performance Evaluation...............................................................................................33
VIII
Test Results Comparison.........................................................................................33
Individual environment evaluation:.........................................................................35
Across environments evaluation:.............................................................................36
Conclusion....................................................................................................................37
Future Work..................................................................................................................38
Appendix A...................................................................................................................39
NONYM!ZER Web Extension Code.......................................................................39
References
N2  - Abstract:
Back in the early days of the Internet, web content (for example web site) was
designed and hosted by a single entity or organization. Web pages were mainly
developed to share knowledge, news, data to the public. The main objective of the
Internet was to connect the world. It was never meant to target third-parties. With the
continuous and aggressive competition in advertising businesses, uncontrollably
desires have emerged to identify and classify consumers. It is proven that companies
must have a clear definition of its target market. Based on this we have seen different
ways to identify, analyze, and track consumers, either voluntarily or without their
consent.
Not only recent compelled regulations have radically restrained Cookies usage but
also increased people knowledge and awareness have been playing a fundamental
part. This have put lots of pressure on enterprises to find alternatives to bridge this
gap and satisfy business demands. Since then fingerprinting have gained enormous
popularity. Browser fingerprinting techniques have evolved from being privacyfriendly
to privacy intrusive to serve these demands. This also has pushed privacy
concerned people to save no effort to advance countermeasures.
In this thesis we introduce different browser fingerprinting techniques and their
relevant technologies in the wild. It additionally elaborates widely known
countermeasures. we introduce “nonym!zer” as a mitigation framework for browser
fingerprinting. It helps to hinder or impede browser fingerprinting on desktop
browsers that web servers use such as WebGL or Canvas technologies
ER  -