Logistics 4.0 Implementation Framework/ Mohammad Amr Abd Elkader Ahmad Badawy

Supervisor:
Dr. Sally Kassem
Dr. Mohamed Omar Ezzat
Dr. Mohamed Mamdouh Awny

Thesis (M.A.)—Nile University, Egypt, 2022 .

"Includes bibliographical references"

Contents:
DEDICATION ................................................................................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................ iv
DECLERATION ............................................................................................................... v
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................. vi
TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................... ix
LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................... xi
LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. i
LIST OF EQUATIONS .................................................................................................... ii
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... 1
1. CHAPTER 1 :LOGISTICS 4.0 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................... 2
1.1. RESEARCH MOTIVATION:....................................................................... 3
1.2. LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: . 4
1.3. THESIS STRUCTURE: ................................................................................. 7
2. Industry 4.0 Impact on Logistics ............................................................................. 8
2.1. INDUSTRY 4.0 AND THE IMPACT ON LOGISTICS: ............................ 9
2.2. INDUSTRY 4.0 FEATURES: ...................................................................... 10
2.3. PROGRESION OF LOGISTICS: .............................................................. 15
2.3.1. Logistics 1.0: .............................................................................................. 15
2.3.2. Logistics 2.0: .............................................................................................. 16
2.3.3. Logistics 3.0: .............................................................................................. 18
3. CHAPTER 3: STUDY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY ................................ 21
3.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT:......................................................................... 22
3.2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES: ...................................................................... 22
3.3. SIGNIFICANCE: ......................................................................................... 22
3.4. STUDY DESIGN AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: ...................... 23
3.4.1. Technological Interaction Matrix: .......................................................... 25
vii
3.5. DATA COLLECTION ................................................................................. 30
3.5.1. Bibliometric Analysis: ............................................................................... 34
4. CHAPTER 4: LOGISTICS 4.0 DEFINITION .................................................... 38
4.1. LOGISTICS 4.0 DEFINITION: .................................................................. 39
4.2. LOGISTICS 4.0 IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES: ....................... 43
4.2.1. Data Transparency: .................................................................................. 45
4.2.2. Decentralization: ....................................................................................... 45
4.2.3. Interoperability: ........................................................................................ 46
4.3. FEATURES OF LOGISTICS 4.0 ............................................................... 47
4.3.1. Process / action level: ................................................................................ 47
4.3.2. Organization’s Ability to Achieve Logistics 4.0: .................................... 55
4.4. LOGISTICS 4.0 TECHNOLOGIES .......................................................... 63
4.4.1. Automatic Identification and Localization:............................................ 63
4.4.2. Machine to Machine Communication:.................................................... 68
4.4.3. Energy Supply: .......................................................................................... 72
4.4.4. Sensing and Actuating: ............................................................................. 74
4.4.5. Data and Information Processing: .......................................................... 75
4.4.6. Human-Machine Interaction: .................................................................. 76
4.4.7. Software-based Technologies:.................................................................. 77
5. CHAPTER 5: LOGISTICS 4.0 IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK .......... 90
5.1. FEATURES RESULTS AND FINDINGS: ................................................ 91
5.2. Results: .......................................................................................................... 91
5.2.1. Data Transparency: .................................................................................. 91
Decentralization or Decentralisation:............................................................. 93
5.2.2........................................................................................................................... 93
Interoperability: ............................................................................................... 94
5.2.3........................................................................................................................... 94
5.3. TECHNOLOGIES RESULTS AND FINDINGS: ..................................... 95
5.3.1. Results: ....................................................................................................... 95
5.3.2. Logistics 4.0 Technologies: ..................................................................... 102
5.4. LOGISTICS 4.0 TIM: ................................................................................ 104
5.5. LOGISTICS 4.0 IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK: ..................... 108
5.5.1. Logistics 4.0 Maturity Model: ................................................................ 109
viii
5.5.2. Logistics 4.0 Implementation Framework
5.6. LOGISTICS 4.0 EXAMPLES
5.6.1. DHL and Saloodo:................................................................................... 115
5.6.2. Nafeza: ..................................................................................................... 116
6. CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RESEARCH .......................... 118
6.1. CONCLUSION: .......................................................................................... 119
6.2. FUTURE RESEARCH
I. LIST OF REFRENCES
II. APPENDIX (BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA)

Abstract:
Logistics 4.0 is considered the new logistical revolution based on digital technologies. Logistics 4.0 (4th logistical revolution) is the main pillar in the
implementation of industry 4.0. This thesis addresses the main challenges in implementing logistics (data transparency, decentralization, and interoperability). This thesis aims to construct an implementation framework to assist organizations in implementing Logistics 4.0. The thesis is explorative and comparative and uses bibliometric analysis maps as a
tool. The literature about industry 4.0 and logistics 4.0 to understand the different
logistical eras were used. Based on the literature review, the thesis proposed a definition
for Logistics 4.0 as well as the motive behind the logistical revolutions. In this essence, industry 4.0 features and technologies were reviewed and reflected on. Then using bibliometric analysis maps, each challenge was investigated to find the most interactive and impactive features.
Logistics 4.0 technologies in this thesis are categorized based on the definition proposed by Khalil (2000). Thus, technologies were filtered based on their interaction with the significant features using bibliometric analysis. Using Technology Interaction Matrix and bibliometric analysis, the framework of Logistics 4.0 implementation is developed after reviewing logistics technologies. Finally, Salodo ( a startup by DHL) and Nafeza (a platform by the Egyptian government) were explained as proof of the proposed framework.

Text in English, abstracts in English.