Implementation of A Pulsed Wave Spectral Doppler on FPGA / (Record no. 8904)

MARC details
000 -LEADER
fixed length control field 09135nam a22002537a 4500
008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION
fixed length control field 210215b2018 a|||f mb|| 00| 0 eng d
040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE
Original cataloging agency EG-CaNU
Transcribing agency EG-CaNU
041 0# - Language Code
Language code of text eng
Language code of abstract eng
082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER
Classification number 621
100 0# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME
Personal name Moamen Ahmed Abu Bakr
245 1# - TITLE STATEMENT
Title Implementation of A Pulsed Wave Spectral Doppler on FPGA /
Statement of responsibility, etc. Moamen Ahmed Abu Bakr
260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC.
Date of publication, distribution, etc. 2018
300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Extent 105 p.
Other physical details ill.
Dimensions 21 cm.
500 ## - GENERAL NOTE
Materials specified Supervisor: Ahmed G. Radwan
502 ## - Dissertation Note
Dissertation type Thesis (M.A.)—Nile University, Egypt, 2018 .
504 ## - Bibliography
Bibliography "Includes bibliographical references"
505 0# - Contents
Formatted contents note Contents:<br/>Chapter 1 : Introduction ................................................................................................ 1<br/>1.1 Research objectives............................................................................................ 2<br/>1.2 Research organization ........................................................................................ 2<br/>Chapter 2 : Background ................................................................................................ 3<br/>2.1 Ultrasound historical background ...................................................................... 3<br/>2.1.1 Progress of ultrasound through enabling technologies ............................... 3<br/>2.1.2 Impact of advanced electronics on modern ultrasound .............................. 5<br/>2.2 Medical ultrasound imaging .............................................................................. 8<br/>2.2.1 Ultrasound waves ....................................................................................... 9<br/>2.2.1.1 Frequency, speed, and wavelength ...................................................... 9<br/>2.2.1.2 Pressure and intensity ........................................................................ 11<br/>2.2.1.3 Reflection and scattering ................................................................... 12<br/>2.2.1.4 Attenuation and absorption ............................................................... 14<br/>2.2.2 System architecture .................................................................................. 15<br/>2.2.2.1 Imaging modes .................................................................................. 16<br/>2.2.2.2 Transducers ....................................................................................... 16<br/>2.2.2.3 Front-end ........................................................................................... 19<br/>2.2.2.3.1 Transmitters ..................................................................................... 19<br/>2.2.2.3.2 Receivers ......................................................................................... 20<br/>2.2.2.3.3 Array beamforming ......................................................................... 21<br/>2.2.2.4 Back-End ........................................................................................... 23<br/>Chapter 3 : Doppler Ultrasound Systems .................................................................. 27<br/>3.1 Physical principles of Doppler ultrasound ....................................................... 27<br/>3.2 Interaction between ultrasound and moving blood .......................................... 28<br/>3.2.1 Blood flow ................................................................................................ 28<br/>3.2.2 Scattering from blood ............................................................................... 28<br/>VIII<br/>3.3 Spectral Doppler systems ................................................................................ 30<br/>3.3.1 Continuous wave systems ........................................................................ 30<br/>3.3.2 Pulsed wave systems ................................................................................ 34<br/>Chapter 4 : Design and Implementation .................................................................... 41<br/>4.1 Recent trends in ultrasound systems architecture ........................................... 41<br/>4.2 The DIGISON ultrasound system ................................................................... 43<br/>4.2.1 Overview and main features .................................................................... 43<br/>4.2.2 System architecture .................................................................................. 44<br/>4.3 Design of the pulsed wave spectral Doppler module ...................................... 46<br/>4.3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 46<br/>4.3.2 Simulink reference model ........................................................................ 47<br/>4.3.2.1 Model configuration and testing ....................................................... 48<br/>4.3.2.1.1 RF data analysis .............................................................................. 49<br/>4.3.2.1.2 Quadrature demodulator ................................................................. 50<br/>4.3.2.1.3 Range gate integration .................................................................... 52<br/>4.3.2.1.4 Wall filter ........................................................................................ 53<br/>4.3.2.1.5 Spectrogram .................................................................................... 54<br/>4.3.3 Hardware–Software partitioning .............................................................. 55<br/>4.3.4 The switching mixer ................................................................................ 56<br/>4.3.4.1 Comparing the two mixing methods ................................................ 56<br/>4.3.4.2 Generating the mixing signals .......................................................... 57<br/>4.3.4.3 Simulink model using the switching mixer ...................................... 58<br/>4.4 Implementation on the FPGA ......................................................................... 60<br/>4.4.1 Schematic of the Doppler module ............................................................ 61<br/>4.4.2 Quadrature demodulator .......................................................................... 62<br/>4.4.2.1 Mixer ................................................................................................ 62<br/>4.4.2.2 Low pass filter .................................................................................. 64<br/>4.4.3 Range gate integration ............................................................................. 66<br/>4.4.3.1 Accumulator ..................................................................................... 66<br/>4.4.3.2 Scaler ................................................................................................ 68<br/>4.4.4 Design validation ..................................................................................... 69<br/>4.4.5 System integration ................................................................................... 70<br/>4.5 Experimental results ........................................................................................ 71<br/>4.5.1 String phantom results ............................................................................. 71<br/>4.5.2 In vivo results ........................................................................................... 73<br/>IX<br/>Chapter 5 : Conclusions and Recommendations ....................................................... 75<br/>5.1 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 75<br/>5.2 Recommendations for future research ............................................................. 76<br/>References ...............
520 3# - Abstract
Abstract Abstract:<br/>Pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound is used today in the diagnosis of cardiovascular<br/>diseases and blood flow abnormalities. Doppler techniques have gained significance due<br/>to its safety, real-time performance and affordability. Most modern ultrasound systems<br/>have a Doppler mode.<br/>This work aims to develop a pulsed wave spectral Doppler module to be integrated<br/>into an ultrasound system. After reviewing the available algorithms and implementation<br/>techniques, a design was selected. Simulation models were built to test the design and<br/>identify the optimal implementation strategy. Building upon the models, the design was<br/>divided into a hardware part to be implemented on an FPGA and a software part that<br/>should run on a PC. The FPGA design was implemented in schematics and Verilog and<br/>simulated with real data. The design process was iterated and modifications were applied<br/>until satisfactory results have been achieved.<br/>The final design was integrated into an ultrasound system provided by IBE<br/>Technologies, Giza, Egypt. The software and the system integration were done in<br/>collaboration with the engineers at IBE Tech. and are not covered here. The developed<br/>module was tested using test equipment and in-vivo. The results of the testing procedures<br/>proved that the performance of the system is acceptable.
546 ## - Language Note
Language Note Text in English, abstracts in English.
650 #4 - Subject
Subject MSD
655 #7 - Index Term-Genre/Form
Source of term NULIB
focus term Dissertation, Academic
690 ## - Subject
School MSD
942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA)
Source of classification or shelving scheme Dewey Decimal Classification
Koha item type Thesis
650 #4 - Subject
-- 317
655 #7 - Index Term-Genre/Form
-- 187
690 ## - Subject
-- 317
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    Dewey Decimal Classification     Main library Main library 02/15/2021   621 / M.A.I /2018 02/15/2021 02/15/2021 Thesis